Abstract: To analyzing the product evolutionary under specific environment, a basic model of product ecosystem was built based on ecology theory. Product ecosystem frame which included product individual, product population, product community, non-product factor and environment was proposed, morever, these factors were defined. Based on the analysis of environment on product's action characteristic, a product's environmental adaptability model and a product's environmental force model were established, which was used to evaluate the living state of product under the specific environment and to recognise the key factors of product evolutionary. Thus, a basic model of product ecosystem was established. A indicator model of product was designed, and a evolutionary analysis of eyeglasses was given as an example to illustratre its application.

Key words: bionics, product ecosystem, product evolutionary, product environment, product design

摘要： 为分析特定环境下的产品进化问题，引入生态学的基本理论，建立一种产品生态系统基本模型。提出由产品个体、产品种群、产品群落、非产品因子和环境等因素组成的产品生态系统框架，并定义了这些系统的组成要素；在分析环境对产品作用特性的基础上，构建了产品的环境适应性和环境对产品的作用力模型，用以评价产品在特定环境中的生存状态和识别影响产品生存进化的关键因子，从而建立了产品生态系统基本模型。基于产品生态系统，设计了产品进化指示器模型，并以眼镜产品为例说明了指示器的应用。

关键词: 生物仿生, 产品生态系统, 产品进化, 产品环境, 产品设计