Abstract: At the assumption of custom demand was stochastic demand, the transporter was explicitly added into the supply chain which included manufacturer and retailer. Under the operation of multi-period supply chain system, the effect of quantity discounts strategy used by supply chain upstream-downstream on system cost saving was analyzed. Through introducing inventory factor, the optimal solution of models under decentralized decision and joint decision were obtained respectively, and the joint decision minimize cost was less than the decentralized decision minimize cost. Under the assumption that the manufacturer held the dominant position in the whole supply chain, the retailer coud use the joint EOQ order quantity induced by quantity discount strategy, and the manufacturer's expected yearly profit was higher compared with decentralized decision. Meanwhile, the retailer and transporter's expected yearly profit was less than decentralized decision's minimize expected yearly profit. The numerical examples were presented to verified the related condusion.

Key words: transporter, supply chains, quantity discount strategy, stochastic demand

摘要： 假设市场需求为随机性需求，将运输商明确加入到由制造商和零售商构成的供应链，解析多周期供应链系统稳态运行下，在供应链的上下游同时使用数量折扣策略对于系统成本节省的影响。通过引入库存因子，分别得出分散决策和联合决策下模型的最优解，并证明联合最小化成本不超过分散决策下供应链系统的成本。假设制造商在供应链中处于主导地位，分析表明使用数量折扣策略能诱导零售商采用联合经济订购批量，制造商所获得的期望每年利润相对于分散决策下增大，同时使零售商和运输商的期望每年成本都不超过分散决策下的最小期望每年成本。通过数值例子对相关结论进行了验证。

关键词: 运输商, 供应链, 数量折扣策略, 随机需求, 库存因子