Abstract: In view of the situation of multi-person collaborative assembly and multi-manned station in the actual assembly environment,the Complex Multi-manned Assembly Line Balancing Problem (CMALBP) considering the difference of workers' ability and multi-person cooperation was studied.Under the consideration of the complexity of assembly process,different sizes and types of worker groups were assigned,and a multi-objective optimization mathematical model was established to minimize the number of workstations and workers.On this basis,an improved Discrete Water Wave Optimization (DWWO) algorithm was proposed to make a discrete improvement for the operators,and a coding scheme based on topological sorting and a heuristic decoding scheme were designed.Furthermore,the search strategy of disturbing individuals and path reconnection was introduced to increase the diversity and the quality of solutions.By solving two kinds of test cases and applying to the balance optimization of D-Series High-Speed Train assembly line,taking line efficiency and smoothing index as performance criteria,the feasibility and effectiveness of the DWWO algorithm in solving CMALBP were verified.

Key words: multi-person collaboration, multi-manned station, assembly line balancing, water wave algorithm, topological sort

摘要： 针对实际装配环境中存在多人协同装配和共站的情况,研究了考虑工序复杂程度与工人能力差异的多人协作共站装配线平衡问题。首先,考虑到装配工序的复杂程度需指派不同规模和类型的工人组,建立了以最小化工作站数量和工人数量为目标函数的多目标优化数学模型;在此基础上,提出一种改进的离散水波优化算法,对算子进行了离散化改造,并设计了基于拓扑排序的编码方案和启发式的解码方案,同时引入扰动个体和路径重连的搜索策略来增加解的多样性,进而提高解的质量;最后,通过求解两类测试用例,以线效率和平滑指数作为性能指标,验证了改进离散水波算法在求解复杂多人共站装配线平衡问题上的可行性与有效性,并将算法应用到动车装配线平衡优化中。

关键词: 多人协作, 多人共站, 装配线平衡, 水波算法, 拓扑排序